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Generative AI > Google Gemini API > ADK with Gmail - Reading and Sending Email

ADK with Gmail - Reading and Sending Email

Author: Venkata Sudhakar

Integrating Gmail with ADK agents allows automated email workflows - reading customer enquiries, sending order confirmations, and forwarding alerts without any manual intervention. ShopMax India uses a Gmail-connected agent to monitor the support inbox and reply to common queries about order status and delivery timelines.

The Gmail API uses OAuth 2.0 scopes. For server-side ADK agents running on Cloud Run, a service account with domain-wide delegation is the recommended approach - no user interaction required. The agent gets a delegated credential for the shared support inbox and can read, label, and send messages programmatically.

The below example shows an ADK agent with two Gmail tools: one to read recent unread messages and one to send a reply.

from google.adk.agents import LlmAgent
from google.adk.tools import FunctionTool
from google.adk.sessions import InMemorySessionService
from google.adk.runners import Runner
from google.oauth2 import service_account
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
import base64, email.mime.text

SCOPES = [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly",
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send",
]
DELEGATED_USER = "support@shopmax.in"

def get_gmail_service():
    creds = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
        "/secrets/sa-key.json", scopes=SCOPES
    ).with_subject(DELEGATED_USER)
    return build("gmail", "v1", credentials=creds)

def read_unread_emails(max_results: int = 5) -> dict:
    """Read unread emails from the ShopMax support inbox."""
    svc = get_gmail_service()
    msgs = svc.users().messages().list(
        userId="me", q="is:unread", maxResults=max_results
    ).execute().get("messages", [])
    results = []
    for m in msgs:
        detail = svc.users().messages().get(
            userId="me", id=m["id"], format="metadata",
            metadataHeaders=["Subject", "From"]
        ).execute()
        headers = {h["name"]: h["value"] for h in detail["payload"]["headers"]}
        results.append({"id": m["id"], "from": headers.get("From"), "subject": headers.get("Subject")})
    return {"unread_count": len(results), "emails": results}

def send_email(to: str, subject: str, body: str) -> dict:
    """Send an email from the ShopMax support address."""
    svc = get_gmail_service()
    msg = email.mime.text.MIMEText(body)
    msg["to"] = to
    msg["subject"] = subject
    raw = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(msg.as_bytes()).decode()
    sent = svc.users().messages().send(userId="me", body={"raw": raw}).execute()
    return {"status": "sent", "message_id": sent["id"]}

agent = LlmAgent(
    name="shopmax_gmail_agent",
    model="gemini-2.0-flash",
    instruction=(
        "You are a ShopMax India customer support agent. "
        "Read unread emails, understand the query, and send a professional reply. "
        "Always sign emails as ShopMax Support Team."
    ),
    tools=[FunctionTool(read_unread_emails), FunctionTool(send_email)],
)

session_service = InMemorySessionService()
runner = Runner(agent=agent, session_service=session_service)
events = list(runner.run(
    user_id="support_bot", session_id="sess_001",
    new_message={"role": "user", "parts": [{"text": "Check inbox and reply to any order status queries."}]},
))
print(next(e.content.parts[0].text for e in events if e.is_final_response()))

It gives the following output,

Found 2 unread emails:
  1. From: [email protected]  - Subject: "Where is my order ORD-1042?"
  2. From: [email protected]  - Subject: "Return request for ORD-0988"

Replied to [email protected]:
  "Dear Ravi, your order ORD-1042 is out for delivery and expected by 6 PM today.
   Regards, ShopMax Support Team"

Replied to [email protected]:
  "Dear Priya, your return request has been logged. Our team will collect the item within 2 business days.
   Regards, ShopMax Support Team"

For production, store the service account JSON in Secret Manager rather than a mounted file, add the gmail.modify scope to mark emails as read after processing, and use Pub/Sub Gmail push notifications instead of polling so the agent triggers in real time when new mail arrives. Store processed message IDs in Firestore to prevent duplicate replies.

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